While this tutorial uses only one directory and one user, you can extend this example to multiple users and multiple directories as well. Step 7:Verifying the Configuration You can verify it within your terminal and as well as third-party software, such as WinSCP.Ĭonclusion You’ve restricted a user to SFTP-only access to a single directory on a server without full shell access. The last step is testing the configuration to make sure it works as intended. If you want to see the visuals then please visit this link. 5.Description - optional = You can mention here some useful info. ↓ In the Inbound rules, Edit inbound rules ↓ Please do the following settings 1.Type = Custom TCP 2.Protocol = TCP 3.Port range = your_port(same as set in sshd_config file) 4.Source = You need to whitelist the IP here, if you do not want then set anywhere. ↓ Go to the services and then click on EC2 menu -> Running Instances. Step 6:Open your sftp port in AWS-EC2 security group If you are using AWS-EC2 instance, then you need to open the port here. You have now configured the SSH server to restrict access to file transfer only for sftp_user. Step 5:Restart the service To apply the configuration changes, restart the service. Match Group NOTE: You need to create a new group called, sftp_group. In the Match User, you can also use the group by using the below command. and X11Forwarding no disables port forwarding, tunneling and X11 forwarding for this user. AllowAgentForwarding no, AllowTcpForwarding no.ChrootDirectory /var/sftp/myfolder ensures that the user will not be allowed access to anything beyond the /var/sftp/myfolder directory.PasswordAuthentication yes allows password authentication for this user.ForceCommand internal-sftp forces the SSH server to run the SFTP server upon login, disallowing shell access.Match User tells the SSH server to apply the following commands only to the user specified.Here’s what each of those directives do: etc/ssh/sshd_config Port Match User sftp_user ForceCommand internal-sftp PasswordAuthentication yes ChrootDirectory /var/sftp/myfolder PermitTunnel no AllowAgentForwarding no AllowTcpForwarding no X11Forwarding no Scroll to the very bottom of the file and append the following configuration snippet: Open the SSH server configuration file by using the below command. Step 4:sshd_config Settings In this step, we’ll modify the SSH server configuration to disallow terminal access for sftp_user but allow file transfer access. So, our sftp_user will use only /data/ from the below path. Here we have done the directory restriction. $ sudo chown sftp_user:sftp_user /var/sftp/myfolder/data/ $ sudo chmod 755 /var/sftp/myfolderĬhange the ownership on the uploads directory to sftp_user. Give root write permissions to the same directory, and give other users only read and execute rights. $ sudo chown root:root /var/sftp/myfolder Set the owner of /var/sftp/myfolder to root. The subdirectory /var/sftp/myfolder/data/ will be owned by sftp_user(which we created earlier), so that the user will be able to upload files to it.įirst, create the directories. var/sftp/myfolder will be owned by root and will not be writable by other users. Here, we’ll create and use /var/sftp/myfolder/data/ as the target upload directory. Consequently, it’s not possible to simply give restricted access to a user’s home directory because home directories are owned by the user, not the root. Specifically, the directory itself and all directories above it in the filesystem tree must be owned by root and not writable by anyone else. Step 3:Creating a Directory for File Transfers In order to restrict SFTP access to one directory, first, we have to make sure the directory complies with the SSH server’s permissions requirements, which are very particular. In the next step, we will create the directory for file transfers and set up the necessary permissions. You have now created a new user that we will be granted access to the restricted directory. Enter new UNIX password: Retype new UNIX password. The user information is optional, so you can press ENTER to leave those fields blank. You’ll be prompted to create a password for the account, followed by some information about the user. Step 2:Create SFTP user account First, we need to create a new user who will be granted only file transfer access to the server. You also need SSH on the system from where you are going to access the SFTP server. Step 1:Install OpenSSH-server & SSH If you have not done so yet, install OpenSSH in the server, you can use the following command: $ sudo apt install openssh-server In this tutorial, we’ll set up the SSH daemon to limit SFTP access to one directory with no SSH access allowed on a per-user basis.įor the FTP setup, please go through this link. In some cases, you might want only certain users to be allowed file transfers and no SSH access.
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